Executive management involves directing, guiding, and leading a company or other organization. Those who study this subject may learn about everything from theories of leadership to effective financial management to human resources.

France, officially the French Republic, is a unitary semi-presidential republic located mostly in Western Europe, with several overseas regions and territories.

A Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA) is a degree offered by business schools and business faculties at some universities to be pursued after completing graduate education. This is the way into careers in advanced business consulting or academia.