Morocco; officially the Kingdom of Morocco. is the most westerly of the North African countries. It has Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines, and a rugged mountain interior. The major resources of the Moroccan economy are agriculture, phosphates, tourism and textiles.

The PhD is a doctoral degree, specifically called a "doctor of philosophy" degree. This is misleading because PhD holders are not necessarily philosophers (unless they earned their degree in philosophy!). That said, PhD recipients are able to engage in thought experiments, reason about problems, and solve problems in sophisticated ways.